INTERFERON

INTERFERON, safedai muhofize, ki hujayrahoi shirkhoron va parrandaho hangomi ba onho roh yoftani mikroorganizmhoi gunogun, pesh az hama virusho, inchunin dar surati ba hujayrai organizm tasir kardani baze moddahoi tabii (mas., endotoksinho) va suni (mas., hosilahoi kislotai nukleat), ki induktorhoi interferon nom giriftaand, hosil mekunand. I. omili nomakhsusi immuniteti ziddivirusi ast.
Dahsolaho pesh az in olimon ba chunin hodisai favqulodda diqqat dodand: agar ba hujayra yagon khel virus dokhil shuda boshad, badi in dar on virusi digar («begona») afzoish yofta nametavonad. Mohiyati in hodisa solhoi ziyod nomafhum bud. Faqat s. 1957 muayyan shud, ki dar hujayra ba afzoishi virusi «begona» moddai safeda – interferon roh namedihad. Hamchunin oshkor gasht, ki I.-ro hosil kardani hujayra ravandi tabii buda, onro khromosomaho tanzim mekunand.
Bar khilofi podtanho (nig. Immunitet) jismhoi muzoddi I. omili muhofizi universalii organizm meboshand. Ba I. qarib hamai virushoi malum hassosiyati baland dorand. I. afzoishi onhoro zud peshgiri karda, ba shifoi odamu hayvonot musoidat menamoyad. Vale hamin ki angezandahoi bemori ba organizm yakbora daraftand, miqdori I. dar muborizai ziddi onho kami mekunad. Virusologho dar laboratoriya tariqi az leykosithoi khuni donorho giriftani I. – ro omukhtaand. Agar doruhoi bo in roh hosilshudai I. muntazam ba organizm guzaronda shavand, bisyor bemorihoi virusiro peshgiri kardan mumkin ast.
Holo mutakhassison baroi bo rohi injeneriyai genetiki hosil kardani I. – i «arzontar» va daryofti induktorhoi navi khele faol, ki ba judo gashtani I. musoidat mekunand, jiddu jahd dorand. Dar amaliyai tib I. baroi peshgiri va tabobati bemorihoi virusi istifoda meshavad. Hangomi bo I. muolija kardani baze bemorihoi khavfnok natijahoi nazarras ba dast meoyand.