INGALYATSIYA

INGALYATSIYA (Inhalatio; az lot. inhalare – nafas kashidan), usuli bo nafasgiri ba organizm vorid kardani bukhori doruho. SHaklhoi zerini I. hastand: 1) bugi ob yo bukhori moddahoi buyoro nafas giriftan; 2) nafas kashidani zarrachahoi khurdi moddahoi dorui – aerozolho, ki dar ob hal shudaand yo dar holati muallaq qaror dorand (in navi I. – ro aeroingalyatsiya menomand); 3) elektroaerozolho (tabobat bo elektroaerozolho) – aerozolhoi zaryadashon musbat yo manfiro nafas giriftan; 4) aeroionoingalyatsiya – nafas giriftani zarrahoi havoi atmosfera, ki zaryadi elektrii manfi yo musbat dorand, yane aeroionho (beshtar zarrahoi zaryadi manfi doshtai oksigen). Bo obhoi minerali, az jumla obi bahr va ravgan niz ingalyatsiya mekunand. Az rui harorat I. garmi namdor (mahlulro garm karda), namdor (mahlulro garm nakarda) va bugi meshavad.
Mavodi doruie, ki ba zarrahoi khurdtarin posh khurdaast, doirai (maydoni ) kaloni tamosi paydo karda, ba sathi ziyodtari luobpardahoi rohi nafas barmekhurad va ba khun tez jabbida meshavad. Hangomi bemorihoi rohi nafas bevosita ba pardahoi luobii on tasir kardani doru bartarii makhsus dorad. Mahlulho va omekhtahoi makhsus ikhroji luobu balgami rohi nafasro oson mekunand. Hangomi I. bug va harorat yakjoya tasir merasonad.
I.-ro asosan baroi peshgiri va tabobati bemorihoi shadid va muzmini rohhoi boloi nafas, bronkhho va shush, baroi peshgiri va furu nishondani khuruji ziqi nafas, baroi tabobati gazaki pardahoi luobii dahon va g. istifoda mebarand. Dar baze korkhonaho baroi peshgirii bemorihoi kasbie, ki az sababi nafas giriftani changi istehsolot paydo meshavand, navhoi makhsusi I.- ro ba kor mebarand.
Hangomi khunravi az bini yo khavfi on, khunpartoi, zimni baze bemorihoi shush va dil, ki kamholii dilu rag va bequvvatii nafas baralo namoyon ast, dar marhalahoi okhirini galayoni khun (fishori balandi khun) istifodai I. man ast. Az in ru I.-ro dar har surat boyad dukhtur tain kunad. I.-ro dar muasissahoi tabobati tavassuti ingalyatorho meguzaronand. Moddahoi doruiro kompressori dokhili ingalyator ba zarraho tabdil medihad, ki bad ba tavassuti niqob yo jihozi makhsus ba bemor meguzaronand.
I.-ro badi 1 – 1,5 soati istemoli khurok qabul kardan zarur ast. Hangomi I. bemor boyad bo guftugu, kitobkhoni va g. ovora nashavad; dar mavridi amrozi bini va javfhoi on zur nazada nafasro bo bini, hangomi amrozi halqum, khirnoy, bronkh va shush boshad, nafasro bo dahon giriftan va barovardan zarur ast. Gireboni libosro kushoda mondan lozim (ba nafaskashi khalal narasonad). Badi I. dar muddati yak soat gap zadan, tamoku kashidan, surud khondan, istemoli khurok tavsiya nameshavad.
Dar khona az ingalyatori khurd yo ingalyatorhoi kisagii sokhtashon gunogun istifoda mebarand; bazei onho («Astmopent», «Ingalipt» va «Ingakamf») omekhtai doruii tayyor – kofur, mentol, ravgani evkalipt va g. dorand. Ingalyatorhoi Makhold, V -176, IKP-M doroi poshdihak meboshand (onro pesh az istifoda bo doruvori omekhtai darkori pur mekunand).
Bo yorii chunin ingalyatorho ruze 1 – 3 daqiqagi 3 – 5 bor I. kardan mumkin ast. Hangomi baze bemorihoi rohhoi boloi nafas bo maslihati dukhtur I.- i bugiro istifoda burdan mumkin. Dar khotir boyad dosht, ki dar mavridi galayoni khun, bemorihoi dil, gazaki shush va bemadori I. man ast. I.- i bugiro dar boloi degchai obash (4 – 5 istakon) jushidaistodae, ki ba on muvofiqi tainoti dukhtur doruvor ilova shudaast, meguzaronand. Az kogazi gafs qif sokhta, bo tarafi vasei on rui degcharo mepushonand (surokhi nugi borikro ba dahon girifta bugro nafas mekashand. Agar imkoniyati pai ham garm kardani ob naboshad, bo qadri khunuk gashtani on obi jush va miqdori muvofiqi doruvor merezand. Az boloi degcha be qif ham nafas giriftan mumkin ast, dar in mavrid ba sar rumol yo sachoq girifta, ruyro boloi degcha medorand. In guna I.-ro dar yak ruz 1– 3 daqiqagi 1 – 2 bor takror mekunand.
Baroi peshgirii sukhtan I.-i bugiro ba kudakon tahti nazorati qatii kalonsolon meguzaronand.