IHROJ

IHROJ (ba istilohi tibbi ilmi ekskretsiya, ba tabiri tibbi qadima quvvai dofea yo ronanda), az tani har jonvar berun omadani barziyodii obu namakho, mahsuloti vopasini nodarkor va zararnoki mubodilai moddaho ba vositai peshob, araq, nafas, pasafkand, qay va g.
Mahsuloti okhirini mubodila dar mavjudoti soddatarin az hujayra bevosita ba muhiti moei girdu atrofi on khorij meshavad, dar hayvonoti shirkhur boshad, vay avval ba moei baynihujayravi ronda shuda, soni az in jo ba vositai khun va limfa ba uzvhoi I. (gurdaho, jigar, gadudi araq, rudaho va g.) ovarda meshavad. Sistemai I. bo faoliyati khud tarkibu khosiyathoi muhiti dokhilii badanro hamesha dar yak darajai muayyan doshta meistad. Az jumlai azoi I. asositarin va muhimtarin gurdaho meboshand: onho ziyodii obu namak va moddahoi zararovarro az badan daf mekunand. Qismi ziyodi CO2 (98 – 99%) ba vositai shush, kame az pust khorij meshavad.
Olimoni maruf va mashhuri fors-tojik Abubakri Rozi, Abuali ibni Sino, Ismoili Jurjoni va dig. dar asarhoi khud dar bobi har chize, ki az tani mardum berun meoyad, chun araq, bavl, nafas, fazla, qay va holu ahamiyati onho dar haddi tandurusti va bemori fikrhoi muhim bayon karda, az rui sifatu khislat va miqdori in moddaho bisyor dardhoro tashkhis va tabobat menamudand. Dar vaqti vayron shudani faoliyati sistemai I. (uzvhoi nafas, peshob, hozima va g.) salomati dar khatar memonad. Masalan, agar peshob va pasafkand 7 – 8 ruz berun naoyad tani inson zahrolud va halok megardad. Az in ru tabiboni qadim farmudaand, ki mardumi tandurust ham baroi az boqimondai moddahoi nodarkor ba kulli toza kardani badan boyad doruyu khurokihoi peshobron (mudirrot), darunron (mushilot), araqron (muarriqot) va qayovar (muqayiot) istemol namoyand. Faoliyati uzvhoi I.-ro sistemai asab va gadudhoi dokhiliusoravi (endokrini) idora karda, ba tartib medarorand.