HAYOTI ODAMONI QADIMTARIN

ODAMONI IBTIDOI. Bostonshinoson bisyor nishonahoi odamoni qadimtarinro dar Afriqo, Osiyo, Avrupo va Amerika paydo namuda, az rui ustukhonporahoyashon shaklu andomi onhoro muayyan kardaand. Dar natijai in malum gardid, ki odamoni ibtidoi az odamoni imruza farqi kalon doshta, ba maymunhoi kalonjussa monand budand. Peshonaapyun tangu khamida, maynaashon az maynai maymun kalontar, vale az maynai odami zamoni mo khurdtar bud. Onho na ba misli hayvon bo chor poy, balki bo du poy roh megashtand va az hamin sabab qomatkhamida budand. Dastonashon khele daroz buda, karib to ba zonuhoyashon merasidand. Bo dastonashon korhoi oddiro ba cho meovardand: yagon chizro girifta, zaminro mekandand, khudro mukhofizat mekar- dand.

Dar avval odamoni ibtidoy mis­li movu shumo kham zada nametavonistand, yane nutq nadoshtand. Dar borai paydoishi odamoni ibtidoy to imruz farziyahoi guno- gun peshnikhod shudaand. YAke az in farziyaho az maymun paydo shudani odam meboshad.

Odamoni ibtidoi misli hayvonhoi darranda panjayu nokhunhoi boquvvat va dandonhoi sakht nadoshtand. Onho ba zammi sanghoi nugtezu tegador baroi koftani zamin, shikor, afshoidani meva va korhoi digar kaltakro ham istifoda meburdand.Faqat yakchand ovozi kanda-kanda mebarovardand, ki onho ba nutq monand nabudand. Bo in ovozkho onho khursandivu khashmu gazab va tarsu harosi khudro ifoda me- namudand, hamdigarro az khavfu khatar ogoh mekardand va yo dar mavridi takhdidi khatar hamjinsoni khudro ba yori jeg mezadand.

OLOTI AVVALINI MEHNATI  ODAMON I IBTIDOI. Oloti ko­rni asosii odamoni jamoai ibti­doi sanghoi tegador budand. Dar natijai hafriyot bostonshinoson onhoro khamrohi ustukhonhoi odamoni qadimtarin paydo namudaand. Bo in sanghoi tegador odamoni ibtidoi chub metaroshidand, pusti hayvoni shikorkardaro az tanash judo mekardand, korhoi digari ruzgorro ba cho meovardand.

Sanghoi nugtez, kaltak va chubi zaminkani az oloti avvalini mehnati odamoni ibtidoi ba shumor meraftand. Bo yorii onho odamoni asri sang baroi khud khurok ba dast medarovardand va khudro muhofizat ham mekardand.

Mahz ba tufayli sokhtan va istifoda burda tavonistani hamin guna oloti mehnat, ki harchand khele oddiyu nomukammal budand, odamoni ibtidoi az hayvonot farq mekardand. Malum ast, ki hayvonkho oloti odditarini koriro ham sokhta nametavonand.