Gulro gardolud kardani hasharot, shamol

31.01.2019 331 Views

Rastanihoi guldor odatan meva hosil mekunand. Vale baroi hosil shudani meva gardoludshavii gul sharti zaruri meboshad. Dar vaqti gardoludshavi gard az gardbarg ba gardgiraki tukhmdon ovarda meshavad. Burdani gard az gardbargi yak gul ba gardgiraki tukhmdoni guli digar gardoludshavii dutarafa nomida meshavad.

Aknun savole paydo meshavad, ki gard chi tavr va bo kadom rohho ba gardgiraki tukhmdoni gul burda meshavad? Baroi amali gardidani in hodisa gul chi guna khususiyaghoi mutobiqati dorad?

Dar aksari holatho dar sharoiti tabii gardoludshavi tavassuti hasharot va shamol amali megardad. Hususan, khasharotro gard va shahdi (nektari) gul ba khud jalb mekunad. SHakhd dar gadudi makhsus — shakhddon (nektardon) hosil meshavad. SHakhddon dar dokhili gul.

dar aksari holatho dar buni gulbargho choy giriftaast. Gard va shahd gizoi dilkhohi bisyor namudhoi hasharot ba hisob meravad.

Hasharothoi gunogun dar justujui gizo az yak gul ba guli digar nishasta (parida), boisi burdani gard az yak gul ba gardgiraki guli digar megardand . Hamin tavr, ba tufayli mavjudiyati shahd – hamchun alomati nihoyat muhimi gul dar bisyor mavridho gardoludshavi tavassuti hasharot ruy medihad.

Dar bisyor holatho guli rastanihoi bo hasharot gardoludshavanda dujinsa buda, gardi onho chaspak va dar jildashon baromad (dungiho) dorand. In khususiyatho chaspishi gardro ba badani hasharot oson mekunand.

CHi tavr hasharot gulhoi ba on darkoriro yofta metavonad? Gulhoi baze rastaniho andozai kalon doshta, gulpushashon rangorangi balandu rakhshon ast. Gayr az in gulhoi khurd-khurdi bisyor rastaniho dar tudagulhoi kalonu nazarnamo sarjam omadaand. In khususiyatho daryoftu justujui hasharotro khele oson megardonand.

YAke az khususiyathoi digar va muhimi gulhoi bo hasharot gardo- ludshavanda buyhoi gunogun doshtani (barovardani) onho meboshad. Baze az in gulho bui khushu dilkash (baroi mo) dorand. CHunonchi, guli yos, mekhak va sadbarg. Baze gulhoi digar boshand, bui mohii vayronshuda va poruro dorand. Gulhoi chunin buydoshta hasharoti muayyanero ba khud jalb mekunand, masalan, pashsha, qunguzho va hatto baze shapalakhoro.

Gulhoi tamokui buyo (naychagul) bui baland mebarorand va faqat vaqti shom meshukufand. SHabona nakhati gulhoi safedu kalon-kalon boz ham ayontar meshavad va shapalakhoi shabparvozro az dur ham boshad, ba khud jalb mekunad. Onho bo hamin vasila gardolud meshavand.

Rastanihoe hastand, ki guli onhoro faqat kheli muayyani hasha- rot gardolud mekunad. Masalai, guli ajdardahan (ajdargul)-ro govzanbur gardolud menamoyad. Hangomi gulshukuft dar bogho qut- tihoi (kanduhoi) zanburi asalro ovarda memonand. Zanbur guli da- rakhtoni bogro gardolud mekunad va hosili meva ziyod meshavad.

Ba juz rastanihoi bo hasharot gardoludshavanda, inchunin rasta- nihoe mavjudand, ki ba tufayli shamol gardolud meshavand. Onhoro rastanihoi bo shamol gardoludshavanda menomand. Bisyor rastanihoi alafi — gesha, gandumak (marg), arzanak va chunin rastanihoi da- rakhtiyu buttagi, az qabili rozdor, tus, findiq, safedor, bed, bulut ba rastanihoi bo shamol gardoludshavanda dokhil meshavand. Aksari in rastaniho gulhoi maydayu nazarnogir dorand.

Odatan darakhtu buttahoe, ki tavassuti shamol gardolud mesha- vand, gulhoi onho avvali bahor pesh az bargbarori meshukufand (masalan, rozdor, findiq). YO gulhoi onho barobari paydo shudani barg meshukufand, chi tavre ki in holat dar darakhti tus va bulut mushohida karda meshavad. In khususiyatho ba vositai shamol gar- doludshavii onhoro oson megardonand.

Rastanihoi bo shamol gardoludshavanda yo umuman gulpush nado- rand, yo in ki vay (gulpush) dar onho sust inkishof yoftaast. Gulhoi onho maydai nazarnogir buda, dar aksari holatho dar tudagulho gird omadaand. Dar onho ba mikdori nihoyat ziyod (farovon) gard hosil meshavad. Gardi gulashon nihoyat mayda, khushk va behad sabuk meboshad. Rastanihoi bo shamol gardoludshavanda odatan anbuh-anbuh mesabzand. Masalan, anbuhi tuszorho, findiqzorho va nayzorhoi sohili kul va daryohoro ba khotir ored. In khususiyatho mutobiqati muhimi rastaniho ba hisob rafta, bo shamol gardoludshavii onho- ro metezonand.

Ba tufayli shamol gardolud shudani guli javdorro az nazar meguzaronem. Dar guli javdor saravval pulakchahoi gul vo (kusho- da) meshavand. Dar bayni onho garddonhoi zard namudorand. Dumchai gardbargho sabzida, garddonhoro ba berun mebarorand. Bo ku- shoda shudani garddonho gardho merezand va onhoro shamol ba har su pahn mekunad. Sipas, gardgiraki gul namudor megardad. Gard- donhoi dumchadaroz boshand, alvonj khurda, baqiyai gardro ba berun posh medihand. SHamol gardro ba rastanihoi hamshafat, ki az guli onho allakay gardgiraki serpashmak ba berun sar barovardaast, mebarad. Hamin tavr, gardoludshavy az gardhoi yakdigar ba amal meoyad (gardoludshavii dutarafa).

Dar baze rastaniho ba juz gardoludshavii dutarafa khudgardo- ludshavi niz ruy medihad. Hangomi khudgardoludshavi gardi gard- don ba gardgiraki khudi hamon gul meaftad. Masalan, gulhoi gandum, jav, zagir, nakhud, lubiyo va kartoshka bo gardhoi guli khud gardolud meshavand. Hudgardoludshavii rastaniho odatan pesh az gulshukufti gul ba vuqu meoyad. Vaqte ki gul shukuft, vay allakay gardolud ast.