GIPOTIREOZ

GIPOTIREOZ (Hypothyreosis; az gipo… va glandula thyroidea), bemorii gadudhoi dokhili. G. az sababi modarzodi yo gayrimodarzodi zaif gashtani faoliyati gadudi siparshakl ba vujud meoyad. On hamchunin dar natijai illati gipofiz, ki faoliyati gadudi siparshaklro tanzim mekunad, sar mezanad. Binobar osebi gadudi siparshakl gormonhoi on – tiroksin va triyodtironin ba khun kam khorij meshavand.
Paydoishi G. bisyor vaqt ba illati khudi gadudi siparshakl (G.-i yakumin) vobasta ast; on hamchunin metavonad binobar ikhtiloli biosintezi gormonhoi tireoidi, ki hangomi nojurihoi gipofiz va gipotalamus (G.-i duyumin) rukh menamoyad, ba vuqu payvandad. Dar mavridi jarrohii gadudi siparshakl, tabobat ba radionuklidi yod yo doruhoi yodnok niz khavfi sar zadani G. vujud dorad. G. beshtar dar zanhoi 30 – 50 – sola ba mushohida merasad.
Hangomi G. pust, nasji zeri pust, zabon varam mekunad, pust khushk meshavad, muy merezad. Bemor khastagii ziyod his mekunad, khunuk mekhurad, kundzehn, behol, khobolud shuda, nokhun va muy zudshikan (murd) megardand; harorati badan va fishori sharayon past shuda, shikam qabziyat mekunad. Davrai hayzi zan khalal meyobad, mumkin ast u kudak vayron kunad; quvvai bohi mard zaif megardad. Inkishofi ruhii kudakon takhir khohad yoft, qadi onho nameyozad. Faoliyati gadudi siparshakl har qadar kam shavad, bemori hamon andoza vaznin jarayon megirad.
G.-ro dukhtur tabobat mekunad. Bo gormonhoi tireoidi sarivaqt tabobat kardani kudak ba inkishofi mutadili jismonii u musoidat menamoyad. Tabobati odami kalonsol inkishofi bemoriro bozdoshta, bisyor vaqt qobiliyati koriro barqaror mekunad. Tahti nazorati dukhtur budani bemor khele zarur ast.
Gipotireoz dar kudakon asosan dar on oilahoe duchor meoyad, ki bemoroni jogari zahrogin yo tireoiditi Hashimoto mavjud boshand. Bo maqsadi barmahal tashkhis kardani G.-i modarzod badi tavalludi tifl ba alomathoi zerin etibor dodan lozim ast: khalal yoftani tashakkuli skeleti chehra, pahn budani bayni du abru, az ham dur budani chashmho, varami ruy, gafs budani labho, kalon budani zabon, ki bisyor vaqt dar dahon namegunjad, muyhoi durusht. Ovozi chunin kudakon dar vaqti giristan dagal va khirri ast (binobar varami bandakhoi sadobaror). Dar surati sina makondani kudak alomathoi G. nameafzoyand, zero gormonhoi tireoidii modar ba vositai shiri piston ba organizmi tifl meguzarand. Barobari ba gizoi suni odat kunondani tifl, u kamharakat, beholat, kamishtiho meshavad; harorati badan past ast; pust khushk, khunuk va durusht megardad; muy betarovat va zudshikan, shikam kalon shuda, qabziyat paydo mekunad; kudak az sabzish memonad. Hangomi ba takhir mondani muolija chunin kudakon noqisulaql megardand. Binobar in dar mavridi ba mushohida rasidani alomathoi nakhustini G. zud ba dukhturi pediatr va endokrinolog murojiat kardan lozim ast.

SH.S. Anvarova.