GIPODINAMIYA

GIPODINAMIYA (Hypodynamia), kamharakati, faoliyati nokifoyai mushakho, ki binobar past shudani faoliyati jismonii odam (gipokineziya) rukh menamoyad. G. dar natijai kamharakati ba vujud meoyad. Dar maktabbachagon benizomii zindagi va ijroi vazifai khonagii az had ziyod (dar natija baroi sayru gasht, bozi va varzish vaqt kam memonad) boisi G. megardand. G. dar kalonsolon binobar bemori, ki kas bistari gashta (mas., dar davrai saktai qalb, hangomi zakhmi poy va sutunmuhra), nochor kam harakat mekunad, paydo shudanash mumkin ast. G. hangomi parvozi duru darozi kayhoni niz ba vujud meoyad.
Binobar sust gashtani faoliyati jismoni sarfi energiya kam va tamini boftaho bo khun bad meshavad; gardishi khun dar kapillyarho sust megardad; ba magzi sar, dil va dig. uzvho oksigen namerasad (nig. Gipoksiya); sokhti torhoi mushaki dil tagyir, faoliyati gormonho va asabiya khalal meyobad. Dar asnoi G. intiqoli akhbor az jonibi mushakho ba silsilai asabi markazi sust gashta, ba magzi sar tasiri noguvor merasonad. CHunki mutadilii tonusi asabiya, tanzimi gardishi khun va mubodilai moddaho az faoliyati jismoni sakht vobasta ast.
Binobar yakbora kam shudani harakat, mushakho khurd va zaif gashta, sokhti ustukhonho tagyir meyobad. Vobasta bo atrofiyai mushakho miqdori boftai ravgan meafzoyad, jarayoni mubodilai moddaho khalal yofta, faoliyati silsilai asabi markazi vayron meshavad, alomathoi zafi ruhi – khastagi, tundmizoji, zudranji, nizojui ba vuqu mepayvandand. Beshtar kori dilu ragho khalal meyobad, quvvai kashishi mushakhoi dil sust shuda, chandirii devorai raghoi khun mekohad (in boisi ateroskleroz va bemorii gipertoniya khohad shud). Tagyiroti kori uzvhoi dilu rag dar ibtido chun nafastangi, nogahon va zud-zud tapidani dil (hangomi tez roh raftan), paydoishi dardi dil (dar asnoi kori jismoni), ehsosoti nokhush va g. zohir meshavad. Hangomi G. gardishi khun dar venaho kullan tagyir yofta, boisi paydoishi bavosir megardad. Az mushohidai dukhturon malum ast, ki ba ateroskleroz, illati raghoi khun va bemorii gipertoniya beshtar odamone giriftor meshavand, ki kasbashon bo kori jismoni kam vobasta ast.
G. khususan baroi kudakon va maktabiyon khavfnok ast. On tashakkuli organizmro bozdoshta, ba inkishofi uzvhoi takyayu harakat, dilu ragho, gadudhoi endokrini tasiri ziyonovar merasonad. Dar asnoi G. muqobiliyati organizm ba angezandai amrozi siroyati sust ast; kudakon tez-tez bemor shuda, bemorii onho kashol meyobad.
Faoliyati jismoni ba inkishofi malakahoi tahrikavii kudak, mushakho, ustukhonbandi va qadu qomat tasiri musbat merasonad, mubodilai moddaho, gardishi khun va nafaskashiro tanzim karda, ba faoliyati dilu ragho taqviyat mebakhshad. Binobar kamharakati va dar yak holati tuloni nishastani maktabbacha qomat va sutunmuhra nodurust inkishof meyoband. Nokifoyagii tahmili mushakho sababi nomurattabii faoliyati organizm, zafi qobiliyati kori jismoni va fikri niz meshavad. Kamharakatii miyonsolon va pironsolon ba inkishofi ateroskleroz musoidat karda, tanzimi tonusi raghoro bad, gardishi khunro dar magzi sar va dil vayron mekunad. Az kamharakati mushakho barmahal sust va qomat kham meshavad.
Bemore, ki tuloni bistari shudaast, boyad baroi peshgirii G. mashqhoi makhsusi jismoniro ijro kunad. Baroi barham dodani oqibati G. dukhtur ba mariz mash, varzishi muolijavi, prosedurahoi obi, bazan doru tain menamoyad. Dar natijai varzishi harruzai pagohi, gimnastika, sport, kori jismoni (muvofiqi quvvat), piyodagardi va g. G. – ro peshgiri kardan mumkin ast.
Vaqti koru istirohati shakhs boyad aniq boshad; kudak barobari dar maktab ba tarbiyai jismoni mashgul budanash, dar khona niz boyad in mashguliyatro davom dihad. Dar in kor padaru modar boyad namuna boshand; pagohi yakjoya bo farzandon varzish kardan va piyoda gashtan ahamiyati kalon dorad. Ba bachaho bozihoi sporti (mas., chavganbozi, velosipedroni, gushtingiri, obbozi)-ro yod dodan lozim ast.