GIPERTENZIYAI SHARAYONi

GIPERTENZIYAI SHARAYONi, baland shudani fishori khun dar arteriyahoi davri kalon va khurdi khungardish. Baland shudani fishorro dar raghoi davri khurd bisyor vaqt gipertenziyai shushi menomand; agar mavzei gipertenziya qayd karda nashavad, pas sukhan az bobi baland gashtani fishori arteriya dar davri kaloni khungardish meravad. Fishori mutadili khun dar odamoni to 60-sola boyad az 140 (baroi sistolavi) va 90 mm sut. simob (baroi fishori diastolavi) ziyod naboshad. Baroi odamoni az 60-sola bolo fishori mutadili arteriyavi to 160/95 ast; fishori az in bolo baroi hama sinnu sol baland meboshad. Buzurgii fishori sharayon dar hududi az 140/90 to 150/95 mm sut. simob ba doirai guzarish mansub donista meshavad; dar asnoi takroran chen kardan, dar baze bemoron adadhoi mazkur betagyir memonand (bemorii gipertenziyai sharayoni); dar bemoroni digar fishor to ba darajai mutadili past mefaroyad. Hangomi arzyobii fishori sharayoni imkoniyati balandshavii kutohmuddati fiziologii onro niz ba nazar megirand.
G. sh.-i bardavom metavonad boisi gipertrofiyai medachai chapi dil, tagyir yoftani holati devorai sharayon, sklerozi kalobachahoi gurda (nefroskleroz), inkishofi ateroskleroz va orizahoi gunoguni on (saktai mayna, saktai dil, ziqi dil, bemorii kamkhunii dil va g.) gardad.
Vobasta ba paydoish G. sh. yakumin yo ibtidoi (nig. Bemorii gipertoniya) va aloimi meshavad. Sababi asosii G. sh.-i aloimi bemorihoi gurda, khususan nefrit, pielonefriti muzmin, tang shudani sharayoni gurda binobar ateroskleroz, aortoarteriit, tromboz va g. meboshand. G. sh.-i aloimi hamchunin dar mavridi baze bemorihoi gadudi usorai dokhili (endokrini), mas., khromaffinoma, aldosteronizm, giperkortisizm, klimaks, tireotoksikoz, ensefalopatiya, nuqsi dil, aritmiya va g. mushohida meshavad.
Dar bisyor mavridho bemoron az baland budani fishori arteriya (FA) bekhabar memonand. Binobar in onho shikoyat namekunand, ba dukhtur nameravand. Bemoroni digar boshand, alomathoi G. sh.-ro ehsos mekunand. SHikvai onho az dard kardani sar, sarcharkhi, beholati, ikhtiloli khob, khastagi, sado dodani gush, siyohi zadani peshi chashm, dardi mavzei dil, dilzani va dig. hissiyoti noguvor ast.
Vobasta ba saviyai fishori arteriya G. sh. «narm» (FA to 180/105 mm sut. simob), mutadil (FA 180/105 – 220/120 mm sut. simob) va vaznin (FA bolotar az 220/120 mm sut. simob) meshavad.
G. sh. chi qadare, ki der davom kunad, orizahoi on hamon qadar beshtar padid meoyand. Hususan, nuqsi raghoi magzi sar va varami mayna khavfnok meboshand. Dar chunin holatho sar sakht dard karda, dil behuzur meshavad, mariz qay menamoyad, chashm khira megardad; imkon dorad, ki saktai mayna, nuqsi dil, ziqi dil, varami shush niz rukh dihad, dar surati mavjudiyati ishemiyai dil baland shudani fishori sharayon metavonad boisi khuruji stenokardiya va sar zadani saktai mushaki dil gardad.
Muolijai G. sh. duru daroz ast. Rioyai guftaho va ijroi tainoti dukhtur hatmi meboshad.

U.R. Rasulov.