GELMINTHO

GELMINTHO (Helminthos), kijjaho, kirmhoi ruda, kirmhoi parazit, angezandai gelmintozhoi odam, hayvonot va rastani. Asosan 4 navi G. malumand: 1) pahnkirmho – trematodaho yo kirmhoi makanda va sestodaho yo tasmakirmho; az trematodaho beshtar opistorkhisho, az sestodaho bandkirmhoi gov, khuk va kirmi tasmashakli reza, kirminai ekhinokokk va alveokokk duchor meoyand; 2) lundakirmho yo nematodaho – askaridaho, kirmhoi qamchinshakl, muyakshakl (ostritsaho), ankilostomidaho, trikhinellaho va g.; 3) kirmhoi khorsar; 4) halqakirmho yo annelidho. Kirmhoi du navi okhir dar organizmi odam duchor nameoyand.
G. vobasta ba davri inkishof ba biogelmintho va geogelmintho judo meshavand. Biogelmintho (mas., bandkirmho, ekhinokokk) dar organizmi homiloni mobayni va okhirin inkishof meyoband. Kirmina va tukhmi geogelmintho (mas., askaridaho, vlasoglavho) berun az organizmi homil, yane dar khok ba davrai invaziyavi (siroyatangezi) merasand.
Ba odam asosan tukhmi kirmhoi bolig yo kirminai G.-e, ki dar khurok vujud dorand, siroyat mekunand; kirminai baze navhoi G. ba organizm az pust (ankilostomidaho) yo dar asnoi gazidani hasharot (filyariyaho) dokhil meshavand. G. ba organizm tasiri angezishovar, zahroludsoz va allergi merasonand. Dar baze mavridho onho surokhi uzvhoro mebandand. Holathoe niz vujud dorand, ki dar organizm dahho va hatto sadho adad bandkirmhoi gov va khuk mushohida shudaast.
G. nihoyat sernasl meboshand; aksari onho dar yak shaboruz hazorho va dahho hazor tukhm meguzorand. G. ba salomatii odamon zarari kalon merasonand, chorvo, hayvonoti muinadori vahshi, mohi, rastanihoro kasal karda, ziyoni kaloni iqtisodi meorand.

G.N. SHakhmatov.