Комрон.инфо
GADUDHOI NAZDSIPARSHAKL (Glandulae parathyroideae), gadudhoi usorai dokhili, ki paratgormon hosil mekunand; paratgormon baroi tanzimi mubodilai fosforu kaltsiy dar organizm ahamiyati kalon dorad. Tarashshuhi paratgormon ba konsentratsiyai kaltsiy dar khun vobasta ast. Afzoishi miqdori kaltsiy dar khun ba hosil shudani paratgormon dar G. n. tasiri manfi merasonad va baraks, dar natijai dar tarkibi khun kostani miqdori kaltsiy paratgormon beshtar hosil meshavad.
Dar odam, odatan, du juft G. n. (boloi va poyoni) mavjud ast; onho dar sathi qafoi gadudi siparshakl joy giriftaand (adad va joygirii G.n. metavonad tagyir yobad). Bazan in guna gadudhoro dar boftai gadudi siparshakl, gadudi jogar, perikard, miyondevor va g. mushohida kardan mumkin ast. Andozai har yak G. n. taqr. 6 kh 3 – 4 kh 1,5 – 3 mm, vazni umumii onho 0,25 – 0,5 g meboshad; rangi surkhtob yo zardi jigari dorad. G. n.-ro arteriyahoi siparshakli poyon bo khun tamin mekunand. G. n. bo gilofaki nafis faro girifta shudaast.
Dar mavridi nuqsi faoliyati G. n. (gipoparatireoz), ki binobar sust inkishof yoftan yo umuman nabudani on va yo hangomi bo rohi jarrohi dur sokhtani gadud sar mezanad, dar khun va moei bayni hujayraho konsentratsiyai kaltsiy kohish yofta, konsentratsiyai fosfor meafzoyad. Dar natija asabu mushakho sakht angezish meyoband, bemorii tetaniyai gipoparatireoidi ba vujud meoyad. In guna holat hangomi ikhtiloli hassosiyati boftayu mushakho nisbati paratgormon niz rukh menamoyad (psevdogipoparatireoz). Dar bemoron holati madhushi, khuruji sarmonand, ikhtiloli bosira va somea ba mushohida merasad. Dar asnoi khalal yoftani faoliyati G. n. bemorihoi gunoguni digar, mas., osteoporoz, poliuriya, polidipsiya, nuqsi gurda va g. paydo meshavand.
KL
Gadudhoi nazdsiparshakl dar qismi aqibi gadudi siparshakl: 1 – gadudhoi nazdsiparshakli boloi; 2 – gadudi siparshakl; 3 – gadudhoi nazdsiparshakli poyoni; 4 – balum (qismi aqib).
SH. S. Anvarova.
ati tarafayni onho bo gurda (namud az pesh): 1 – gadudhoi rost va chapi boloi gurdaho; 2 – gurdahoi rost va chap.
Rasmi 2. Sokhtori mikroskopii gadudhoi boloi gurda: 1 – gilofaki gadudi boloi gurda; 2 – qitai tupchagi; 3 – qitai bandchagi; 4 – qitai shabakavi; 5 – moddai magzi; 6 – muragi sinusoidi.
A. S. Osimov.
