FAYLHOI CONFIG.SYS VA AUTOEXEC.BAT

Amaliyote, ki sistemai operatsionii MS DOS ijro menamoyad, pesh az hama az informatsiyai dar faylhoi Config.sys va Autoexec.iat sabtshuda vobasta meboshand. In faylho boyad dar katalogi asosii diski sistemavi joygir karda shavand. Dar ibtidoi ravandi kori kompyuter avval komandahoi fayli Config.sys ijro karda meshavand.

Fayli Config.sys az paydarpayii komandahoi makhsus iborat ast, ki har kadomi on yagon amaliyoti muayyanero ijro menamoyad. Dar in fayl odatan komandahoi kharakteri khizmatrasondoshtaro joygir mekunand.

Rusigardonii klaviatura va ekran. Dar MS DOS imkoniyati harfhoi rusiro bevosita az klaviatura dokhil kardan va onhoro dar ekran nishon dodan vujud nadorad. Baroi paydo namudani imkoniyati dokhilkunii harfhoi alifboi rusi dar fayli Config.sys komandai zerinro dokhil kardan lozim ast:

Device=c:\dos\display.sys con=(ega,,1)

Komanda hangome amali megardad, ki dar diski sistemavi katalogi DOS vujud doshta boshad va dar on drayveri Display.sys sabt karda shuda boshad. Ba gayr az in, dar fayli Autoexec.iat boyad satrhoi zerin joygir karda shuda boshand:

Mode con codepage pqepaqe=((966)

C:\dos\ega3.cpi)

Keybru,, C:\dos\keyrd2.sys

Istifodabarii standarthoi milli. Odatan, dar davlathoi gunogun vaqt, tarikhi ruz va pul ishorathoi ba khud khosro dorand. Masalan, tarikhi ruz dar IMA dar namudi mm/dd/yy navishta meshavad, ki mm – raqami moh, dd – raqami ruzi moh va yy – du raqami okhirini solro ifoda mekunand. Dar Angliya va Faronsa ishoratkunii tarikhi ruz dar shakli dd/mm/yy buda, dar Germaniya va Italiya boshad, on namudi dd.mm.yy-ro dorad. Standarti baynalmillalii ANSI talab menamoyad, ki tarikhi ruz dar namu-

di yy.mm.dd navishta shavad.

Bo maqsadi rioya namudani standarthoi milli dar fayli Config.sys komandai zerin joygir karda meshavad:

countqy=<kodi davlat><kodi sahifai ramzhoi davlat>, C:\Dos\Countqy.sys

Baroi ijro shudani in komanda boyad dar katalogi DOS fayli Countqy.sys mahfuz boshad. Muvofiqi standarthoi milli ba har yak davlat kodi muayyan va raqami sahifai ramzhoi on muvofiq guzoshta shudaast. Masalan, kodi davlati Rossiya 007 va raqami sahifai ramzhoi on 866 meboshad.

Baroi dar kompyuter jori shudani standarti Rossiya, komanda boyad dar chunin namud doda shuda boshad:

Country=007,866 C:\Dos\Countqy.sys Pas az dar kompyuter jori shudani standarti Rossiya dar nomi faylho harfhoi rusiro niz istifoda burdan mumkin ast.

Istifodabarii khotirahoi «boloi» va «vasekardashuda».

Agar khotirai favrii kompyuterhoi IBM PC ba yak megabayt barobar boshad, on goh 640 kilobayti onro sistemai MS DOS va digar programmaho istifoda mebarand. Az 640 Kbayt sar karda to yak Mbayti hajmi khotirai favrii kompyuterro, khotirai «boloi» meguyand. Odatan, programmahoi sistemai MS DOS dar qismi yakumi khotirai asosi joy girifta, faylhoi on yak qismi muayyani in khotiraro band menamoyand.

Agar sistemai MS DOS ba khotirai «boloi» kuchonida shavad, on goh qismi avvali kholigashtai khotirai favriro baroi joygirkunii programmahoi amali istifoda burdan

mumkin ast.

Imkoniyati kuchonidani sistemai MS DOS ba khotirai «boloi» niz mavjud ast. Baroi in boyad dar fayli Config.sys satrhoi zerin joygir karda shavand:

Device=C:\Dos\Himem.sys

Dos=High

Dar in mavrid farz karda meshavad, ki dar katalogi DOS drayveri Himem.sys vujud dorad. Onro dispetcheri khotira niz menomand.

Agar mikroprotsessori kompyuter Intel 80386 yo mikroprotsessori tavonoiash az in ham ziyodtar boshad, on goh dar khotirai «boloi» ba gayr az MS DOS boz drayverho va programmahoi rezidentiro niz joygir namudan mumkin ast. Baroi amali gashtani in maqsad dar fayli Config.sys boyad satrhoi zerin joygir karda shavand:

Device=C:\Dos\Himem.sys

Device=C:\Dos\EMM386.exe NOEMS

Dos=High, UMI

Fayli Autoexec.iat az paydarpayii komandahoi sistemai MS DOS iborat meboshad. Dar ravandi ijroi in fayl, komandahoi dar on joydoshta pay dar pay ba tavri avtomati amali megardand. Odatan, dar fayli Autoexec.iat komandahoi zerin joygir karda meshavand:

 Komandahoi bakoromodasozandai programmahoi rezidenti va programmahoe, ki ijroi onho har dafa zarur ast.

 Komandai Path – muayyankunii ruykhati on kataloghoe, ki az onho programmahoi ijroshavanda koftukov karda meshavand.

Tarzi sokhtani fayli Autoexec.iat – ro dar misolho dida mebaroem.

 MISOLI 1:

Faylhoi qabati programmavii Norton Commanderodatan dar katalogi Nc joygir karda meshavand. Fayli asosii on Nc.exe

meboshad, ki on in programmaro ba kor medarorad. Agar zarur boshad, ki har dafa pas az omodai kor gashtani sistemai Ms

Dos programmai rezidentii Norton Commander ba tavri avtomati ba kor daroyad, on goh dar fayli Autoexec.iat boyad satrhoi zerin ba qayd girifta shuda boshand:

Eho off

Path S:\NC

Nc

 MISOLI 2:

Talab karda shudaast, ki pas az ba kor daromadani sistemai Ms Dos klaviatura va ekran rusi gardonida shuda, pas az on programmai Norton Commanderba kor darovarda shavad. Farz karda meshavad, ki faylhoi mode.com, keyi.com, keyiqd2.sys, ega3.cpi dar katalogi Dos joygir shudaand.

Dar in mavrid fayli Autoexec.iat boyad namudi zerinro doshta boshad:

Eho off

Path C:\NC

Mode con codepage prepare=((866) C:\Dos\ega3.cpi) Keybru,, C:\Dos\Keybrd2.sys

Nc Ilova bar in boyad dar fayli Config.sys satri zerin

joy doda shuda boshad:

Device=C:\DOS\display.sys Con=(ega,,1)

Pas az ijro shudani fayli Autoexec.bat guzarish az alifboi lotini ba rusi va baraks az rusi ba lotini ba vositai pakhshi yakjoyai tugmahoi zerini klaviatura amali gardonida meshavad:

Alt va Shift –i tarafi chapi klaviatura – guzarish ba alifboi lotini.

Alt va Shift –i tarafi rosti klaviatura – guzarish ba alifboi rusi.

 Savolho:

1. Funksiyahoi asosii faylhoi Config.sys va Autoexec.bat az chi iborat ast?
2. CHi tavr klaviatura va ekranro baroi dokhilkunii harfhoi alifboi rusi muvofiq gardonidan mumkin ast?
3. Standarthoi milliro bo yorii kadom komanda ba kompyuter vorid mesozand?
4. Hotirahoi «boloi» va «vasekardashuda» gufta chiro mefahmed?

Onhoro chi tavr idora kardan mumkin ast?

 Suporish:

1. Matni mavzuro bodiqqat khoned va komandahoi onro az khud kuned.
2. Matni zerini fayli sistemavii Autoexec.bat-ro ba daftaraton kuchoned va komandahoi dar on istifodashudaro sharh dihed:

mode con codepage prepare=((866)

C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\ega3.cpi) mode con codepage select=866

keybru,,C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\keybrd3.sys

3. Matni zerini fayli sistemavii Sonfig.syst-ro ba daftaraton kuchoned va komandahoi dar on istifodashudaro sharh dihed:

DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\setver.exe

device=C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\display.sys con=(ega,,1)

Country=007,866,C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\country.sys

4. Matnhoi faylhoi boloiro bo matnhoi faylhoi kompyuteri maktabiaton muqoisa kuned va gued, ki onho az hamdigar chi farq dorand.