Davomnokii hayoti rastaniho

Rastaniho az jihati davomnokii hayotashon khele gunogun meshavand. Agar bulut, archa va baze rastanihoi darakhti besh az hazor sol umr binand, gandumi bahori, javdor, suli va digar rastanihoi galladonagi hamagi yak sol umr mebinand.

Baze giyohho ham, masalan, qoqu, shirbaroyak, sapali shutur, gazna, pudina va gayra solhoi bisyor umr mebinand. Bargu poyai beshtari in rastaniho to zimiston khushk shuda, bahoron az sari nav mesabzand. Zero resha yo uzvhoi digari zerikhokii mugjadori in rastaniho zimistonro dar zeri barf meguzaronand. Bahoron az mugjaho poyahoi nav meruyand.

Rastanihoero, ki umri bisyor mebinand, rastanihoi bisyorsola menomand. Buttavu darakhton, inchunin bisyor giyohhoi khudruy va kishovarzi bisyorsolaand.

Dar bayni rastanihoi alafi chunin rastanihoe ham hastand, ki kamtar az yak sol, hamagi yak tobiston umr mebinand. Masalan, shura, shabbuy, shalgamcha, arzan, marjumak va suli bahoron az tukhm rusta gul mekunand, mevayu tukhm mebandand va bad khushk meshavand. Onhoro rastanihoi yaksola menomand.

Rastanihoi d u s o l a qarib du sol mesabzand. Lablabu, turb, sabzi, piyoz va karam soli yakum odatan faqat resha ronda, poya va barg mebarorand. Soli duyum boshad, onho navdahoi nav mebarorand, gul mekunand va mevayu tukhm basta, tiramoh khushk meshavand.

Dar barobari in, baze rastanihoe hastand, ki davomnokii hayoti onho khele kutoh buda, hamagi yakchand mohro darbar megirad. Onho avvali bahor ba nashunamo shuru karda, gul mekunand, meva Hosil namuda, to bahori oyanda dar holati oromi qaror dorand. In qabil rastanihoro ba guruhi rastanihoi efemeri (lolakhasak, vazirak (surepka) va efemeroidi (boychechak, lola) dokhil mekunand.

Hamin tavr, tiramoh meva va tukhmi aksar rastaniho, az jumla rastanihoi bisyorsola ham mepazand. Rangi bargi bisyor buttavu darakhton tagyir meyobad, sipas bargho merezand; ayyomi khazonrez faro merasad .

Dar hayoti rastaniho hodisahoi muayyan (bargbarori, gulshukuft, mevabandi, khazonrez) har sol takror meyoband. Hodisahoi davrii hayoti hayvonotu rastanihoro, ki makhsusiyati mavsimi dorand, yak sohai biologiya  fenologiya meomuzad. Doir ba hayotguzaronii hayvonotu nabototi kishvar payvasta mushohidai fenologi burdan ba olimon imkon medihad, ki khususiyathoi jolibi diqqati inkishofi tabiati zinda va mudathoi korhoi kishovarziro muqarrar kunand. CHunin mushohidahoro shumo ham ba jo ovarda metavoned: mushohida boyad muntazam boshad va natijaash dar daftari makhsus navishta shavad.

1. Kadom rastaniho bisyorsola, yaksola va dusola nomida meshavand?
2. Tiramoh dar hayoti rastaniho chi hodisa ruy medihad?
3. Fenologiya chist?
4. Kadom rastaniho ba guruhi rastanihoi efemeri va efe meroidi mansuband?