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Davlati Guriyon

Guriyon – sulolai sunnimazhabi tojikoni Afgonistoni hozira, az Honadoni SHonasboniyon (Guriyon) ast. Sarsulolai khonadon Suri ibni Muhammad, sarvari qabilai viloyati Mandeshi kishvari Gur) bud. SHonasboniyon (Guriyon) shohoni davlati Guriyon – davlati duyumi tarikhii tojikon dar Huroson budand. Davlati Guriyon solhoi 1150 – 1215 arzi hasti namudaast va poytakhtash shahri Gur bud, ki alhol in shahr dar markazi jugrofii Afgonistoni hozira qaror dorad.

Guriyon

Sari qudrat omadani Guriyon

Okhiri asri HI dar Gur ayyomi barqarorshavii munosibati feodali bud. Dar nimai duvumi asri HI va nimai avvali asri HII doirai hokimiyati malikhoi viloyati Mandesh khele vusat paydo namuda, ba tamomi Gur pahn gardid. Dar miyonahoi asri HIIdavlati feodalii Guriyon tasis yoft. Hokimoni Gur baze vaqtho isman ba shinokhtani hokimiyati olii Gaznaviyon majbur shuda boshand ham, vale dar zarfi chandin dahsolaho bar ziddi in sulola muboriza burdaand. Nihoyat, onho zaif shudani davlati gaznaviro fursati musoid daryofta, istiqloliyati khudro az nav ba dast ovardand va dar ahdi hukmronii Qutbiddin Mahmudi Guri ba ruvvai buzurge sohib gardidand.

In bud, ki Bahromshoh (yake az okhirin sultononi gaznavi) az afzudani iqtidori Guriyon va shuhrat yoftani Qutbiddin Mahmudi Guri tarsida, vayro bo rohi fireb ba Gazna biyovard va ba habs girifta, pas az chande zahr doda halok namud. Bo vujudi in, digarbora tasarruf kardani davlati Gur ba Bahromshoh muyassar nagardid. Bahromshohi Gaznavi dar chand muhoribai shadide, ki bayni u va barodaroni Qutbiddin ba amal omadand, yakzayl shikast khurd.

Boqimondahoi Madrasai «SHohi Mashhad» (Baroi referat yo kori kursi)

Asosguzori davlati Guriyon Alouddin Huseyn(Jahonsuz) soli 1150 ba Bahromshohi Gaznavi shikasti halkunanda rasonida shahri Gaznaro zabt namud va otash zad (az injo laqabi Alouddin Huseyn- Jahonsuz paydo shudaast). Vale muborizai Gaznaviyon va Guriyon bo in hama ba itmom narasid. Dar soli 1186–87 barodarzodai Alouddin Huseyn – Giyosiddin Muhammadi Guri dar yake az jangho okhirin khonadoni gaznavi, Hokimi Lohur – Hisravmalikro asir karda, ba poytakhti davlati Gur – Firuzkuh firistod. Bo hamin saltanati Gaznaviyon tamoman az miyon bardoshta shud. Guriyon hokimiyati Gaznaviyonro barham doda, hukmroni davlati buzurge gardidand, ki dere naguzashta hududi on dar natijai futuhoti minbadai onho khele vusat paydo namud. Markazi in davlat hamono Gur bud.

Nashu namoi davlati Guriyon

Sultononhoi Gur quvvai ziyodero tashkil mekardand. Dar ikhtiyori onho qushuni purshumore bud, ki dastahoi nizomii qabilahoro niz dar bar megirift. Gayr az in, onhoro ashrofi feodalii tojik dar kuhistoni Badakhshon va havzai daryoi Amu pushtiboni menamudand. Dar okhiri asri HII mahalhoi janubii Tojikiston) va Uzbekistoni kununy, az jumla, nohiyai Vakhsh, CHagoniyon, SHugnon va Vakhon ba hayati davlati Guriho dokhil karda shudand. Solhoi 1152–1206 durakhshontarin davrai tarikhi mamlakati Guriho hisob meshavad.

Peshrafti buzurgi iqtisodi va madanii davlati Guriho niz ba hamin davra aloqamand ast. Lekin azbaski mamlakati Guriho nisbat ba digar mahalhoi Osiyoi Miyona khele aqibmonda bud, in peshravy der davom nakard.

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