Davlat chist va namudhoi on?

Savol:  Davlat chist  va mafhumi on chi mano doradu shaklhoyash chiguna ast?

Javob: Davlat – in namudi idorakunii siyosii jamiyat meboshad va sarhadi jugrofii khudro dorad, ki dar on dastgohi idorakuni hast va ba on tamomi aholiash itoat menamoyand.

Bo iborai digar: Davlat in tashkiloti hokimiyati jamiyat buda, dastgohi makhsusi majburkuni doshta salohiyaiti khudro dar hududi muayyan amali menamoyad. Nishonahoi davlati huquqbunyod in hokimiyati ommavi, hududi muayyan, aholi, sohibikhtiyorii davlat va aloqamandii davlat va huquq.

Davlatho 2 namud meshavanad az nuqtai nazari tashkili idorakuni

1. Monarkhiya
2. Jumhuriyavi

Monarkhiya – In yak namudi idorakuni meboshad, ki hokimiyat ba purragi va yo qisman az tarafi shoh, sulton va yo amir idora karda meshavad. Monarkhiya ba 2 namud taqsim meshavad:

1. Monarkhiyai mutlaq – ki dar in holat davlat ba purragi az jonibi shoh idora karda meshavad;
2. Monarkhiyai nisbi – huququ vakolati shoh nisbatan mahdud karda shudaast;

Jumhuriyavi – Hokmiyat ba vositai maqomote, ki ba muhlati muayyan intikhob megardad idora karda meshavad va dar navbati khud ba 3-namud taqsim meshavad:

1. Prezidenti – Dar in namudi idorakuni davlatro Prezident idora mekunad;
2. Omekhta – YAne dar in shakl hokimiyat dar nazdi prezident va parlament masul ast;
3. Parlamenti – Dar in shakl Parlament hokimiyatro idora mekunad;

Mafhumi «Davlat» dar ilm va qonunguzorii baynalkhalqi manoi yagona nadorad. Manoi kalimai «Kishvar» az «Davlat» kamee farqiyat dorad va hammanoi inho inchunin kalimai «Mulk» meboshad.