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BODOMAK

bodomakBODOMAK (Tonsilla pharyngea), glandaho (Glandula amugdalea), boftahoi limfoidii halqum, ki bahri muhofizati organizm muhimand. B.-ero, ki bayni kamonchai kom joygir shudaast, B.-i kom menomand. Onro (az tarafi rost va chapi zabonchai khurd joygir ast) dar mavridi vase kushodani dahon metavon did.
B. darozruya buda, rangi gulobi dorad. Sathi B. bo surokhihoi ziyod faro girifta shudaast, ki bo hufra (lakuna)-ho aloqamand meboshand. Dar hufraho mikrobho jam meshavand; hangomi iltihob dar in jo az zarrahoi khurok, hujayrahoi kuchidai luobparda va leykositho yak nav monea ba vujud meoyad (nig. Angina).
Odam gayr az B.-i kom, inchunin B.-i zabon (dar bekhi zabon), B.-i halqum va B.-i naychavi (dar halqum) dorad. B.-ho dar yakjoyagi bo khaltachai limfavii hanjara vazifai difo az siroyatro ijro mekunand. Dar mavridi iltihobi muzmine, ki asosan dar B.-i kom rukh menamoyad (nig. Tonzillit), faoliyati moneavii bodomakho khalaldor shuda, khud ba manbai mikrobhoi rimofar va baroi organizm khatarnok tabdil meyoband. Dar in surat boyad hatman az pai tabobat shud, masalai zarur budan yo nabudani jarrohiro dukhtur hal mekunad.
Baroi muayyan namudani holati B.-ho andoza chandon ahamiyat nadorad. Bazan B.-hoi khurd ba miqdori ziyod rimu fasod doshta, ba organizm zarar merasonand, hol on ki B.-i kalon hamesha alomati illatnok budani on nest. YAkbora kalon shudani B. ba nafas kashidan va furu burdani luqma khalal merasonad. Dar in holat qismi namoyoni B.-ro, ki andaruni gulu joy giriftaast, burida mepartoyand.
B.-ro bo rohi rinoskopiya va faringoskopiya tadqiq mekunand. Nuqsi inkishofi B., odatan, muolijaro taqozo nadorad. Osebi B. bisyor vaqt bo osebi hanjara hamroh megardad. Jismhoi begona, khususan suki mohi, ba B. khalida onro dardmand mesozand (onhoro bo asbobhoi makhsus berun meorand).
Dar odamoni giriftori bemorii sil bazan B.-ho niz oseb meyoband. Sili B. mumkin ast chun tonzilliti muqarrari jarayon girad. B.-ho az bemorii sifilis niz illat paydo mekunand. Papilloma, fibroma, angioma va g. omoshoi gayrisaratonii B. mahsub meshavand. Dar B.-ho imkon dorad, ki saraton va sarkoma niz padid oyand.
Ad.: Abdurahmonov F., Anatomiyai odam, j. 1 – 2, D., 1995, 1998; Anatomiya cheloveka, M., 2001.

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