Agar baroi shakhsi navomuz dar nazari avval bloki sistemavii kompyuter qismi az hama kam–ahamiyat namoyad ham, vale mahz hamin qism qismi assositarin va muhimtarini kompyuter ba hisob meravad. Dar bloki sistemavi tamomi tajhizoti markazii kompyuter joygir shudaand:
- skhemahoi elektronie, ki kori kompyuterro tamin va idora mekunand – mikroprotsessor, khotirai favri, platai asosi, kontrollyorhoi (nazoratkunandahoi) tajhizot va gayraho;
- bloki taminotii barq. In blok quvvai barqi az shabaka ba kompyuter voridshavandaro ba jarayoni doimii shiddati past tabdil doda, onro ba skhemahoi integralii kompyuter meguzaronad;
- diskdonhoi diskhoi qaish (disketho) – baroi sabt va khondani informatsiya dar disketho;
- diskdonhoi diskhoi hajman kaloni magniti (vinchester) – ba-roi sabt va khondani informatsiya dar vinchester;
- tajhizoti digar.
Ba bloki sistemavii kompyuteri IBM PC tajhizoti gunoguni dokhilkuni–khorijkunii informatsiyaro payvast va ilova namudan mumkin ast, ki onho imkoniyathoi funksionalii in blokro vase megardonand. Qismi ziyodi tajhizot ba bloki sistemavi az berun payvast karda meshavand va nomashon niz tajhizoti beruna ast:
- monitor – baroi dar ekran khorijkunii informatsiyai matni va grafiki;
- klaviatura – baroi dokhilkunii komandaho va informatsiya;
- printer – baroi dar kogaz khorijkunii informatsiyai matni va grafiki;
- mush – monipulyator, baroi ba tavri favri dokhil namudani komandaho va idorakunii programmaho;
- joystik – monipulyator, baroi idorakunii bozihoi kompyuteri;
- modem – baroi mubodilai informatsionii bayni kompyuterho, bo yorii shabakai telefoni;
- tajhizoti digar.
Ba bloki sistemavi baze tajhizotro az dokhil ilova namudan mumkin ast. CHunin tajhizot tajhizoti dokhili nom dorand:
- modem yo faks–modem – baroi mubodilai informatsioni bayni kompyuterho bo vositai shabakai telefoni;
- diskdonho baroi kompakt–diskho (SD–ROM) – baroi az CDROM khondani informatsiya, tamoshoi klipho va shunidani surudu musiqi;
- strimer – baroi nigohdorii informatsiya dar lentai magniti;
- kartahoi ovozi – baroi sabt va shunidani sado.
Qayd kardan zarur ast, ki strimerho, diskdonhoi CDROM va gayraho ba misli modemho va faks–modemho dar shakli tajhizoti beruna ham istehsol karda meshavand. Dar in mavrid albatta narkhi onho az shakli dokhiliashon qimattar ast.
Kontrollyorho – skhemahoi elektronie, meboshand, ki onho kori tajhizoti IBM PC–ro idora menamoyand. Har yak tajhizot usuli makhsusi ba kontrollyori khud payvast shudan-
ro dorad:
- baze tajhizot, az qabili diskdonhoi disketho, klaviatura, mush, monitor va gayraho ba kontrollyorhoi standartii kompyuter payvast karda meshavand;
- baze tajhizoti digar az qabili kartahoi ovozi, baze faksmodemho va gayraho bo kontrollyorhoi khud dar shakli yak platai yagona sokhta meshavand;
- tajhizoti boqimonda bo kontrollyorhoi khud, ki dar bloki sistemavi joygirand, ba vositai kabelho payvast karda meshavand.
Korpusi bloki sistemavii kompyuter dar shaklhoi gunogun istehsol karda meshavad: ruimizi, manora, monoblok va gayraho. Novobasta az shakli bloki sistemavi, boyad isti-
fodabaranda ba on khele ehtiyotkor boshad. Onro boyad dar joe guzosht, ki az zarbu latkhuri va junbishhoi nojo emin boshad. Bloki sistemaviro dar nazdikii asbobho garmidihanda (batareya, plita, gazdon, darzmol, choyjush va gayra) va joyhoi namiashon baland nigoh doshtan mumkin nest. Ba boloi bloki sistemavi printer, makhsusan printeri matrisaviro guzoshtan man ast. Kabelhoro, ki digar tajhizotro bo bloki sistemavi payvast menamoyand, tanho dar mavridi khomush budani kompyuter judo va payvast kardan mumkin ast. Dar khonae, ki kompyuter guzoshta shudaast sigor kashidan mumkin nest. Dar yak moh yak marotiba bloki sistemaviro kushoda, changu iflosihoi dar on gunshudaro bo yorii «changkashak» toza namudan lozim ast.
Savolho:
- Bloki sistemavii kompyuter baroi ijroi kadom vazifaho khizmat merasonad?
- Kadom tajhizot dar dokhili bloki sistemavi joygirand?
- Ba bloki sistemavi kadom tajhizotro az berun payvast kardan mumkin ast?
- Ba bloki sistemavi kadom tajhizotro az dokhil ilova kardan mumkin ast?
- Kontrollyor gufta chiro mefahmed?
- Korpusi bloki sistemavi dar kadom shaklho istehsol karda meshavad?
Suporish:
- Matni mavzuro bodiqqat khoned va onro naql kuned.
- Korpusi bloki sistemavii kompyuteratonro az nazar guzaroned va gued, ki ba on kadom tajhizot payvast karda shudaand.
- Tarzhoi nigohdorii bloki sistemaviro dar sinfkhonai kompyuteri nombar kuned.