BENASLi

BENASLi (Agenesia), bezuryoti, nasl doda natavonistani odam. B. oqibati har guna ikhtilol, asosan illati uzvhoi tanosul buda, ham dar zanon va ham dar mardon mushohida meshavad.
Nuqsi modarzodi uzvhoi tanosul (nig. Kriptorkhizm) va nojurihoi gunogune, ki bo gazak yo osebi uzvhoi peshobu tanosul vobasta ast (nig.Orkhit, Epididimit) boisi B.-i mardon shuda metavonad. B.-i mardon inchunin az nabudani nutfa dar mani yo qobiliyati bordorkuni nadoshtani on (nutfa) ba vujud meoyad. Zahroludi az sharob, surb va fosfor, hamchunin tasiri omilhoi nomatlub (afkanishoti ionnok, stress, gurusnagi va g.) niz metavonand mujibi B. gardand. Dar baze mavridho B. natijai autoimmunizatsiya ast. Dar in mavrid dar organizmi mard ziddi nutfa (spermatozoidho) podtan hosil shuda, harakati onro bozmedorad. Dar asnoi B.-i mardon khususan oligozoospermiya beshtar ba mushohida merasad. Hangomi oligozoospermiya nutfa dar tarkibi mani az miqdori zaruri kam tashakkul meyobad (dar 1 ml kamtar az 20 mln). Sababi in holat bisyor vaqt iltihobi khoya va vaseu daroz shudani tanobaki mani (nig. Varikosele) meboshad. Oligozoospermiya mumkin ast badi az sar guzaronidani bemorihoi siroyatii virusi, tasiri nurhoi ionnok, sadamai ruhi niz rukh namoyad. YAke az sababhoi digari jiddii B.-i mardon azoospermiya, yane dar tarkibi nuzola (eyakulyat) umuman vujud nadoshtani nutfa ast. Azoospermiya haqiqi va durugin meshavad. Hangomi azoospermiyai haqiqi dar khoya nutfa tashakkul nameyobad. Sababi in nuqsi inkishofi khoya, kriptorkhizmi dujoniba, ikhtiloli gadudhoi usorai dokhili ast. Dar asnoi azoospermiyai durugin dar khoya nutfa hosil meshavad, vale on binobar rust budani majroi mani (mas., dar natijai yagon oseb) ba nuzola nameaftad. Bisyor mardon binobar astenospermiya (sust budani harakati nutfa), nekrospermiya (qobili hayot nabudani nutfa) va teratospermiya (khalal yoftani sokhtori nutfa) farzand ba dunyo ovarda nametavonand. Aspermatizm (hangomi mubosharat rukh nadodani inzol) niz metavonad boisi B. gardad.
B.-i zanon bo bemorihoi iltihobii bachadon va zoidhoi on (nig. Adneksit), az jumla suzok, sil (khosa sili uzvhoi tanosul), ikhtiloli kori gadudhoi usorai dokhili (tukhmdon, gadudi siparshakl, gadudi boloi gurda) va silsilai asabhoi marakazi (dar natijai bemorihoi siroyati, khususan dar davrai rasidan ba balogati jinsi), inchunin inkishofi nomukammali uzvhoi tanosul – infantilizm zich aloqamand ast. Dar natijai gazak giriftan aksar vaqt naychahoi bachadon basta shuda, nutfa to hujayratukhm rafta namerasad. Hangomi illati tukhmdoni zan az on hujayratukhm judo nameshavad (nig. Davrai hayz). Dar natija gormonhoi jinsi (follikulin va progesteron) niz tashakkul nameyoband (onho kashish khurdani naychahoi bachadon va inkishofi mutadili luobpardahoi onro tanzim mekunand). Dar asnoi infantilizm luobpardai bachadoni nobolig tunuk buda, ba tasiri gormonhoi tukhmdon hassos nest. Az in sabab on tukhmi bordorro qabul karda nametavonad. Agar zan hangomi infantilizm homila shavad, pas onro qat kardan lozim nest, zero isqot ba faoliyati tukhmdon khalal vorid sokhta, ba luobpardai bachadon ziyon merasonad va oqibat boisi B. megardad.
Dar mavridi yak soli avvali zanoshui biduni istemoli doruhoi peshgirii haml bordor nagashtani zan izdivoj benasl mahsub meshavad. Dar in guna holatho ham zan va ham shavhar boyad az muoinai dukhturi androlog, uroginekolog guzarand, chunki dar 5,7 fisadi mavridho B. bo organizmi mard, taqr. dar 60 fisad bo organizmi zan va dar 28,4 fisad bo organizmi ham zan va ham mard vobasta ast.
Hangomi B. muolijaro barvaqt sar kardan lozim ast, zero sinnu soli zan ba oqibati B.tasiri kalon merasonad. Muqarrar shudaast, ki samarai muolijai B. baroi zanhoi to 25-sola nazar ba zanhoi az 35- sola bolo qarib du barobar ziyod ast. Dar asnoi B.-i vobasta ba iltihob muolijai kurorti va fizioterapiyaro vase istifoda mebarand. Dar baze holatho rohi naychahoi bachadonro faqat bo jarrohi barqaror kardan lozim meoyad. CHunin jarrohiro baroi zanhoi to 32 – 34-sola tavsiya menamoyand. Hangomi ikhtiloli faoliyati gadudhoi dokhili muolijai mushtarak (doruhoi garmoniro yakjoya bo fizioterapiya va tabobati kurorti) meguzaronand. Har yak usuli muolijai B.-ro faqat az rui tainot va tahti nazorati dukhtur boyad guzarond.
Tabobati B. dar mardon bo nazardoshti tagyirote, ki mujibi ikhtiloli hosil gashtani nutfa meshavad, surat megirad. Agar mujibi B. bemorihoi usorai dokhili boshand, pas dukhtur doruhoi gormoni va vitamin tain mekunad. Dar surati oshkor shudani nuqshoi anatomii azoi jinsi ba jarrohi dast mezanand.
Peshgirii B. az sarivaqt muolija kardani iltihobi uzvhoi jinsi, roh nadodan ba isqot, khususan isqoti gayriqonuni, rioya namudani qoidahoi gigienai shakhsi va behdoshti oloti tanosul vobasta ast. Tabobat kardani bemorihoi iltihobii halqu dimog niz zarur meboshad, chunki iltihobi muzmin, khususan dar vaqti kariesi dandonho va tonzillit, metavonad sababi ikhtiloli faoliyati gadudho gardad. Dar mavridhoi farbehi, ikhtiloli davrai hayz va takhiri inkishofi jinsi zud ba dukhtur murojiat kardan lozim ast. Muolijai dandonho niz bahri peshgirii ikhtiloli faoliyati gadudho ahamiyati kalon dorad.
Ad.: Porudominskiy I.M., Besplodiya u mujchin, L., 1964; Mazley E.P., Klinika i terapiya besplodiya jenshini, L., 1965; Qodiri T.R., Hayoti jinsi, D., 1991.

T.R. Qodiri.