BEMORII SHUOi

BEMORII SHUOi (Morbus radiationis), illatest, ki dar natijai ba organizm tasir rasonidani afkanishoti az meyor ziyodi ionzo paydo meshavad. B. sh. hangomi shuokhurii berunii tamomi organizm yo qismi ziyodi on, inchunin az shuokhurii dokhili (ba vositai rohhoi nafas yo bo obu khuroki zahrolud ba organizm vorid gardidani moddahoi radioaktiv) avj megirad. Moddahoi radioaktiv dar boftayu uzvhoi organizm gun shuda, ba manbai doimii shuokhuri tabdil meyoband.
B. sh. shadid az muzmin meshavad. B. sh.-i shadid az tasiri afkanishoti ionzoi yakkarata yo pay dar payi voyaash az had ziyod, B. sh-i muzmin dar natijai shuokhurii voyaash kami darozmuddat (dar davomi chandin mohu solho) ba vujud meoyad. B. sh.-i shadid dar davrai jang hangomi aslihai atomi (yadroi)-ro istifoda burdani dushman, dar zamoni osoishta boshad, az sadama va falokati nogahoni dar korkhonahoi sanoati atom, nerugohhoi atomi yo muassisahoi tadqiqoti ilmi ruy medihad. B. sh.-i muzmin binobar vayron kardani qoidahoi muhofizati mehnat va tekhnikai bekhatari dar istehsolot, muasissahoi tibbi va tadqiqoti ilmi ba vujud meoyad.
Nishonahoi klinikii B. sh. ba khususiyati shuokhuri (umumi, juzi, beruni, daruni), voya va muddati pahn gashtani on vobasta ast. Baroi hama namudhoi B. sh. ikhtiloli kori tamomi uzvho khos ast. Dar asnoi B. sh. silsilai asabhoi markazi, uzvhoi khunofar va khungard, medayu ruda illat yofta, organizm purra zahrolud megardad,az in sabab beholi, dardi sar, bedorkhobi, behuzurii dil va g. ba amal meoyad.
Jarayoni B. sh.-i shadid aksar vaqt chor davraro darbar megirad: taassuri avvalin, davrai nihoni, avji bemori, davrai okhirin yo ofiyatyobi. Dar davrai taassuri avvalin, ki on badi shuokhuri favran paydo meshavad, bemor purhayajon yo baraks, ruhaftoda ast; beholi, bekhobi, charkh zadani sar, behuzurii dil, dar holathoi vaznin qay va ishol ba amal meoyand; ishtiho mebandad. Dar holathoi nihoyat vaznin bemor muddate az hush meravad, nabz noustuvor va fishori sharayon nomutadil megardad. Tahlili khun tagyiroti khosi leykosithoro oshkor mesozad. Hamai in alomatho badi chand soat bartaraf shuda, davrai duyumi bemori (davrai nihoni) ogoz meyobad, ki ba on behtar shudani holati umumii bemor khos ast. Vale ba behbudii zohiri nigoh nakarda, bemori avj megirad va badi chand muddat (az chand ruz to 2 – 3 hafta) ba davrai seyum meguzarad. B. sh. har qadar vaznin boshad, davrai nihoni hamon qadar kutoh (chand soat) meshavad. Dar davrai avji bemori ahvoli bemor yakbora bad shuda, tab mekunad, qay va ishol (beshtar isholi khunolud) ba amal meoyad; az milki dandon va dig. pardahoi luobi khun meravad, zakhm paydo meshavad; dar zeri pust baze raghoi khun mekafad; badi 2 – 3 hafta muy merezad. Kamkhuni va ikhtiloli asabho shiddat yofta, muqobalati organizm ba bemorihoi siroyati sust megardad. Hangomi mutadil guzashtani B. sh. va sarivaqt tabobat kardani on, davrai okhirin – davrai shifo ogoz meyobad. Holati bemor tadrijan behtar gashta, alomathoi ikhtiloli faoliyati asab tadrijan barham mekhurand, tarkibi khun mutadil megardad. Baze odamone, ki B. sh.-i shadidro pasi sar kardaand, tasiri onro dar kamquvvati, khastagi va dardi sar his mekunand; onho ba anemiya va bemorihoi siroyati giriftor meshavand.
B. sh.-i muzmin dar muddati solho ba vujud meoyad. Hotima yoftani shuokhuri bazan holati bemorro hatto biduni tabobati makhsus khele beh megardonad. SHuokhurii bardavom boisi avj yoftani bemori megardad. Binobar in ba muolijai B. sh.-i muzmin hamon vaqt shuru mekunand, ki bemor az manbai afkanishoti ionzo dur karda shavad.
Bo maqsadi peshgirii B. sh. boyad odamone, ki dar hududi tasiri manbai afkanishoti ionzo kor mekunand, muhofizat karda shavand; inchunin az tasiri zararnok va barziyodi afkanishot hifz namudani patsientoni kabinethoi radiologi va rentgenologi niz muhim ast. Rioyai qoidahoi tekhnikai bekhatari, muhofizati mehnat va talaboti gigienai radiatsioni az jonibi muassisahoi tandurusti qati nazorat karda meshavad.
SHakhsone, ki ba manbai afkanishoti ionzo sarukor dorand, pesh az ba kor daromadan va minbad az muoinai makhsus meguzarand. Baroi onho ruzi korii kutoh, rukhsatii darozmuddat va maoshi ilovagi muqarrar karda meshavad. Hangomi bo izotophoi radioaktiv kor kardan, pushidani libosi makhsus (niqob, khilat, korjoma, dastpushak va g.) zarur ast.
Dar utoqhoi rentgeni tajhizoti makhsusi muhofiz mavjudand, ki kormandon va bemoronro az tasiri zararnoki shuohoi rentgeni hifz namuda, imkon medihand, ki onho dar haddi kamtarini shuokhuri borho az muoina guzashta, giriftori B. sh. nashavand.