BALOGATI JINSi

BALOGATI JINSi (Pubertas), davrai ba balogat rasidani organizm, yane paydo kardani qobiliyati afzoish. Davrai B. j.-i odamro davrai qadrasi yo bulug menomand. Tashakkuli garizai jinsi (nig. SHahvat) dar davrai B. j. khele shiddat meyobad. Dar in ayyom dukhtaron bori avval hayz mebinand (nig. Davrai hayz); dar pisaron ehtilom (ikhroji nutfa hangomi khobbini) ruy medihad. Dar davrai B. j. zeri tasiri gadudhoi usorai dokhili tamomi organizm tagyir meyobad: sabzishi bosurat, paydo shudani alomathoi duyumini jinsi, dar ruyu tani pisaron sabzidani muy, gafs gashtani ovoz va g.; dukhtaron binobar dar zeri pust gun shudani charbu (avval dar ronu surin) jisman purra , gadudhoi sina va ustukhoni kos kalon meshavand.
Dukhtaron nisbat ba pisaron barvaqttar ba balogat merasand. Az rui hisobi akseleratsiya B. j.-i dukhtaron boyad az 12 – 14-solagi sar shuda, dar 16 – 18-solagi ba okhir rasad; on dar pisaron az 13 – 15-solagi ogoz yofta, dar 16 – 18-solagi anjom mepazirad. Muhlati ogozi B. j. ba omilhoi gunogun, az qabili khususiyathoi irsi, sharoiti zindagi va iqtisodiyu ijtimoi, salomati, khurok, iqlim va g. niz vobasta ast. SHaroiti nomusoid (zindagii dushvor, khuroki kamgizo, bemoriho va g.) boisi bozdosht yo nomuvofiqatii inkishofi jismoniyu ruhi megardad.
Tagyiroti organizm dar davrai B. j. faqat ba digargunihoi shahvoni vobasta nest. Dar in vaqt ruhiyai navras va faoliyati silsilai asabhoi u niz tagyir meyobad (nig. Sinni navrasi). YAne barobari tagyiri tanzimi gormonho va inkishofi jismoni ruhiyai navrason niz digar meshavad. Dar jarayoni B. j. ba nom shuuri jinsi tashakkul meyobad, yane navras ba kadom jins taalluq doshtanashro mefahmad, raftorashro ba maqsadu talaboti odobu akhloqi jamiyat muvofiq mesozad (nig. Tarbiyai jinsi). Dar in davra ba jinsi muqobil shavq paydo shuda, bayni navrason munosibati khos tashakkul meyobad (oshiqii begaraz – aflotuni). Tanho badi B. j. ehsosi makhsusi shahvat va faoliyati jinsi ba vujud omada, shuuri boligi jinsi tashakkul khohad yoft.
YAke az khususiyathoi muhimi inkishofi jismonii davrai B. j. ikhtiloli muvaqqati tanosubi badan ast. Dastu po nisbat ba jism teztar inkishof meyoband. Binobar in harakathoi navras durusht meshavand. u in «kambudi»-ro dark karda, ba on makhsus diqqat medihad, dar natija harakatho beshtar nochaspon megardand. Quvvayu vazni mushakhoi pisaron boshiddat ziyod meshavad (vazni mushakho az ruzi tavallud to 8-solagi faqat 4%, dar 2 – 3 soli davrai B. j. ba hisobi miyona 12% meafzoyad). Dar barobari in, navrason payvasta mashq mekunand. Inkishofi uzvhoi daruni az sabzishi ustukhonbandi va mushakho aqib memonad. CHunonchi, raghoi khun nisbat ba dil zudtar inkishof meyoband, dar natija fishori khun baland va kori dil kame vaznin megardad. Dar in davra sarborii organizm afzuda, nuqsi kori dil, charkh zadani sar, sianoz (kabud shudani rangi pust), sard gashtani dastu po, dardi sar, khastagi padid meoyand.
Hususan khulqu atvori navras tagiyr meyobad. Az hisobi taassurotu hissiyoti nav ruhiyai navras gani, khud serharakat, ehsosot noustuvor va kayfiyat purikhtilof meshavad. Ehsosoti baland yakjoya bo dilsakhti, sharmginii tavam bo beodobii namoishkorona rukh menamoyand. Nobovariyu nazari tanqidi ba chizhoi mamul, toqatnopaziri ba nasihati volidayn khosi navrason ast. Dar in davra yak nav holati ba nevroz monand, khashmgini, giryonchaki (dar dukhtaron, khususan ayyomi hayz) ba mushohida merasand.
Padaru modar va omuzgoron boyad ba navras munosibati durust va gamkhorona kunand. Mohiyat va mafhumi biologii in tagyirotro ba onho muloim fahmondan lozim ast. Navras dar in davra boyad dar shakhsi volidayn va omuzgoron dustonero binad, ki ba onho takya karda metavonad. Dar in sinnu sol rohi durusti tarbiya hamin ast, ki navrason ba faoliyat jalb va az hissiyoti jinsi dur nigoh doshta shavand.
Dar davrai B. j. jisman mutadil inkishof yoftani navras baso muhim ast. Baroi in ba khurdu khurok (on boyad sergizo boshad) va mashguliyathoi jismonii u boyad etibori makhsus doda shavad.
Agar dar dukhtaron badi 13-solagi va dar pisaron badi 14-solagi alomathoi jinsii duyumin ba mushohida narasand, pas sukhan az bobi takhiri B. j. meravad. Dar in guna holatho ba dukhturi endokrinolog murojiat kardan lozim ast.