Ahamiyati luchtukhmon dar tabiat va khojagii khalq

Olami nabotot dar rui Zamin sarchashmai hayot meboshad. Dar haqiqat, mavjudiyat va faoliyati hayotii inson, hayvonot va mikroorganizmhoro be mavjudiyati on “uqyonusi sabz”, ki rastaniho onro ba vujud ovardaand, tasavvur kardan gayriimkon ast. Nabotot tamomi mavjudoti zindaro bo gazi oksigen tamin mekunad. Ba tufayli ravandi fotosintez rastanihoi sabz atmosferaro bo oksigen boy gardonda, inchunin havoro az mikdori barziyodi gazi karbonat va digar omekhtahoi gazhoi zararnok toza nigoh medorand.

Rastanihoi suzanbarg doroi ahamiyati kalon buda, dar tabiat va khojagii khalq mavqei makhsus dorand. Archa, sanavbar va digar suzanbargon qobiliyati balandi mustahkam kardani khokro doshta, onro az shustashavi nigoh medorand. Inchunin, beshazori darakhtoni suzanbarg ba monandi jangalhoi darakhtoni pahnbarg ba zud obshavii barf mone gardida, bo in vosila zaminro sernam nigoh medorand.

Har sol millionho metri mukaab chub tayyor karda meshavad, ki qarib 80%-i onro jangalhoi suzanbarg medihand. CHubi darakhtoni suzanbargro dar sokhtmoni binoho, istehsoli asbobhoi musiqi, mebel, sokhtani kuprukho, mustahkam namudani daromadgohi konho va ba sifati simchub istifoda mebarand.

Dar korkhonahoi khimiya az suzanbarg zift megirand va hangomi qatron namudani on halkunandahoi gunoguni organiki, az qabili spirti tekhniki, atseton, skipidar, efir va gayraho istehsol karda meshavad. Az chubi sanavbar nakhi sunii abreshimmonand hosil mekunand. Az chubi koj kogazi khushsifat istehsol mekunand.

Jangalhoi darakhtoni suzanbarg va khususan archazorho tavassuti bargashon ba mikdori ziyod moddahoi zudbukhorshavandaro (ravgani efiri) khorij mekunand va bo in vasila havoi muhiti sukunatashon- ro az mikrobhoi kasaliovar pokiza nigoh medorand. Masalan, rav- gani efire, ki az yak gektar archazor khorij meshavad, baroi az mikrobho toza nigoh doshtani havoi yak shahri kalon kifoya mekunad. Hususiyathoi mustahkami va tobovarii chubi archaro ba nazar girifta, az qadimulayyom onro baroi bunyodi binoho, sokhtani kish- tiho, dar sanoati avtomobilbarori va mebelsozi vase istifoda meburdand. Zero chubi ziftnoki archa nisbat ba tasiri hasharot va mikroorganizmhoi pusonanda khelo ustuvor meboshad. Mutaas- zifona, dar natijai faoliyati gayrioqilonai inson sol az sol archazorho kam shuda istodaand. Binobar on, dar miqyosi jahon is- tifodai chubi archa dar istehsoloti khojagii khalq man karda shudaast. Buridani darakhti archa khiyonati dahshatnok nisbat ba in sarvati purqimatu bebahoi tabiat meboshad.

CHalguzai khushbuyu shirini archa, ki dar tarkibash ba juz zift boz taqriban 40% qand dorad, dar sanoati khurokvori va dorusozi va- se istifoda burda meshavad. Dar tarkibi qandi on mikdori fruktoza va glyukoza khele ziyod ast.

Qiyom va shirai chalguzai archaro dar sohai tib hamchun vositai balgamron, peshobovar, dezinfiksiyakunanda istifoda mebarand. Dar sanoati khurokvori boshad, chalguzai archaro dar sohai korkardi mohi, konservabarori, gushtu shir va qannodi istifoda mebarand.

Ravgani efiri az bargu navdai archa ba dast ovardashuda doroi khususiyati antiseptiki buda, onro dar sohai baytori (veterinari) va hamchun pastkunandai dard baroi tabobati kasalii tarbod (revmatizm) istifoda mebarand. Dar zaminai ravgani efir balzami archa tayyor karda shudaast, ki vositai khubi tabobati jarohat ba hisob meravad.

Gayr az in, dar bargu navdai javon, chalguza va pustlokhi archa ba mikdori ziyod moddai dabbogi mavjud ast, ki dar sanoati charmgari ahamiyati kalon dorad.

1. Rastanihoi suzanbarg dar tabiat chi ahamiyat dorand?
2. Luchtukhmhoro dar kadom sohahoi khojagii khalq istifoda mebarand?
3. Dar tarkibi chalguza va bargi archa kadom moddahoi khimiyavi mavjud ast?
4. On moddahoi khimiyavii ba dast ovardashuda dar kadom sohaho mavridi istifoda qaror dorand?
5. Muhofizati hamatarafai archazoron chi ahamiyat dorad?