AKSELERATSIYA

AKSELERATSIYA (az acceleratio – tezondan), qadkashii bosurat va rushdi jismonii bachagon va navrason. Bachagon va navrasoni imruza nazar ba hamsoloni solhoi peshini khud to andozae qadbaland va kalonjussa (vaznintar) meboshand. Bachagon har qadar kalontar boshand, in tafriqa ravshantar ba nazar merasad. Mas., okhiri solhoi 70-umi a. 20 pisarba chagoni 6-sola nazar ba hamsoloni solhoi 20-umi khud az chihati qad ba hisobi miyo- na 8 – 8,5 sm daroz va 3,5 kg vaznintar, bachagoni 15-sola mutobiqan 20 sm daroz va 16 kg vaznintar budand. Dar kudakoni imruza dandonhoi shiri barmahal baromada, ba dandonhoi doimi tabdil meyo- band; ustukhonbandi niz peshtar ba vuqu mepayvandad. Dar naticha qadkashi nisbat ba dahsolahoi guzashta 2 – 3 sol peshtar qat megardad, harchand, ki andozai tani insoni imruza ba hisobi miyona nazar ba solhoi peshin kalontar ast va sababi in qadkashii bosurat dar sinni tomaktabi va sinni maktabi meboshad. Bachagon va navrasoni imruza na faqat az hamsoloni dahsolahoi peshini khud balandu kalontarand, balki tanosubi andomi eshon az kamoloti shakli onho guvohi medihad; az chihati rushdi chismoni onho ba darachai kalonsoli zudtar merasand. A. na tanho dar afzoishi bosurati andozai tan, balki dar balogati nisbatan barmahali chinsi niz zohir megardad. Mas., sinni miyonae, ki dar on hayzbinii dukhtaron zohir megardad, sol ba sol kam shudaast. A.-i qadkashi va inkishof hamachoya ba nazar merasad, vale surati on gunogun ast. A. dar shahrhoi kalon nisbatan beshtar, dar shahrhoi khurd va dehot boshad, kamtar ast. Dar barobari rushdi boshitobi chismoni inkishofi bosurati baze funksiyahoi organizm niz mushohida meshavad. Surati kashish khurdani dil, buzurgii fishori sharayon va nerui mushakho ba darachai kalonsolon zudtar merasad, nutq inkishof meyobad. Boyad guft, ki dalelhoi zikrshuda barmahal buzurg shudani navrasonro ifoda namekunand. Aksulamali navrasoni s-hoi 2000, ki nisbatan qadbaland va darachai inkishofi chinsiashon bolotar ast, ba tasiri muhit az aksulamali hamsoloni s-hoi 90 farq nadorad. Va tasdiqi aqidae, ki guyo dar yak vaqt barobari rushdi chismoni inkishofi ruhii bachagon ham meafzoyad, galat meboshad. In cho sabab faqat dar ogohii beshtar doshtani bachagon va navrasoni ayyomi most. Tafovuti darachai inkishofi chismoni, az chumla chinsi, yane kalonsolii zohiri va darachai kamoloti ruhi, khususan ichtimoi, bisyor vaqt boisi mocharoi navrason va kalon- solon – padaru modar va ustodon megar- dad. Durust ba roh mondani tarbiyai chis- moni va shahvoni (seksuali)-i chavonon az muhimtarin masalahost, zero ba kamolo- ti nisbatan barvaqti chinsi nigoh nakar- da, az muchomaati barmahal peshgiri kar- dani onho zarur ast (nig. Tarbiyai jinsi). Oid ba sababhoi A. yak qator farziyaho peshnihod shudaand, mas., tasiri nisba- tan boshiddati nuri oftob, behtar shudani tagziya, tasiri tagyiroti elektromagniti va afkanishoti iondor. Barkhe az olimon sababhoi A.-ro dar urbanizatsiya (baland shudani maqomi shahrho dar peshrafti chamiyat) va farovon budani angezahoi gunogun, az chumla radio, kino, televizi- on, guruhi digar dar kam shudani bemo- rii kudakon (makhsusan dar khurdsoli) me- donand. Vale yak farziya durustu digarash nodurust guftan khatost. Zero agar dar yak sharoit yake az omilhoi mazkur ahamiyati asosi doshta boshad, dar sharoiti digar omilhoi digar muhimtarand. Makhsusan sababhoi ichtimoii A.-ro qayd kardan za- rur ast. Baland shudani surati A. dar guruhhoi ichtimoi, ki peshtar dar onho binobar sharoiti badi zindagi darachai rushdi chismoni nisbatan past bud, chihati khosi A. meboshad. Mas., dar solhoi 60-umi a. 20 qadi navrasoni korgar va khonanda- goni 17-sola ba hisobi miyona qarib ba- robar bud, hol on ki dar s-hoi 80 a. 19 farqi qadi onho chand santimetrro tash- kil medod (muvofiqan 158,3 va 162,7 sm). Dar muddati in davr nishondihandahoi mazkur dar korgaroni navras 15,2 sm, vale dar khonandagon tanho 11 sm ziyod shudaast. Isboti sababhoi ichtimoii A. on niz me- boshad, ki dar vaqti Jangi duyumi chahoni rushdu inkishofi bachagonu navrason mud- date bozdoshta shud (qad va vazni onho kam va inkishofi chinsiyat sust gardid). Badi anchomi chang ravandi A. barqaror shuda, inkishofi chismonii chavonon az darachai to davrai chang pesh guzasht.
A. tasiri bad dorad (nisbatan peshtar rukh namudanu pahn shudani baze bemoriho, nomutanosibi dar inkishofi funksiyahoi judogonai organizmi nav- rason va g.). Vale in dalelho bisyor vaqt tasdiq nameshavand, yo tasdiq shavand ham, ba A. vobasta nestand. Davoho dar borai tasiri musbati A. ba tandurustii nasli navras niz chandon etimod nadorand.

F. A. SHukurov, SH. S. Anvarova