Dar imperiya ba miyon omadani irtijoi siyosi. CHy tavre ki ba shumo malum ast, inqilobi burjuazii solhoi 1848- 1849 dar imperiyam Avstriya shikast khurd. Az hamin sabab dar on jo irtijoi sakhttarini siyosi hukmron gardid. Hukumati Bakh (1852- 1860) bar ziddi harakati milliyu ozodikhohy berahmona muboriza meburd. Matbuot ba zeri …

Jangi Rusiyayu Jopon. Ba davrai sarmoyadorii inhisori dokhil gardidani Rusiya ba vaqte rost omad, ki dar bayni mamlakathoi kalontarini sarmoyadory baroi az nav taqsim kardani jahon ziddiyatho tezu tund meshudand. Rusiya ham dar in qator meistod. Vay dar SHarqi Dur va havzai Uqyonusi Orom manfiathoi khudro dosht. Lekin ba on …

Sokhti iqtisodii Rasiya. SHikast dar jangi Qrimi solhoi 1853 – 1856 nishon dod, ki Rusiyai yak vaqtho jandarmi Evropabuda ba davlati aqibmonda tabdil yoftaast. Ba in pesh az hama mavjudiyati tartiboti krepostnoyii Rusiya sababgor bud. Inro shohi navi Rusiya Aleksandri II, ki soli 1855 ba takht nishast, khub mefahmid. Binobar …